Marine turbine.



LQQQQESB G. WESTINGHOUSE.

MARINE TURBINE.

APPLICATION FlLED MAY 7. I913.

Patented Dec. 26, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

INVENTOR.

MM M H/S ATTORNEY FACT G WESTINGHOUSE.

MARINE TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 7. I913.

1,209,918. Patented Dec. 26,1916.

4 SHE ETSSHEET 2- w I. w I Y @M H/S ATTORNEY 1 FACT G. WESTINGHOUSE.

MARINE TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 1. l9l3.

1,2@9,918. Patented Dec. 26,1916.

4 SHEETS SHEET 3.

M kmt gmx H/s ATTORNEY IN FACT G. WhSTINGHUUSE.

MARINE TURBINE.

APPLICAIION fILED MAY7.19I3v mm a v ow HOUSE, engineer,

entrain snares- PATENT orrren.

GEORGE WESTINGHOUSE, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE WEST-INGHOUSE MACHINE COMPANY, OF EAST IITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPO-RATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

MARINE TURBINE.

Patented has. so, rare.

Application filed May 7, 1913. Serial No. 266,139.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE "WESTING- acitizen of the United and a resident of Pittsburgh, in the States,

of Allegheny and State of Penncounty sylvania, vention in MarineTurbines, following is a specification.

This invention relates to elastic fluid turbines and more p rticularlyto turbines for marine PI'OPlllSlOli As it is practic-itlty necessary inthe'presof which the ent state of the utilizeone or m e separate and comlete turbines for driving the vessel astern, the reduction of over-alllength becomes an importantfeature. Attempts to reduce the over-alllength have led to the building of an organized apparatus comprisingwithin one casing an ahead section or turbine and an astern section orturbine. In the most successful of these installations, so far as I amaware, the ahead section has exhausted toward the exhaust of the asternsection and vice versa.. This practice has some disadvantages, theprincipal one of which .is'

that the exhaust from one section meets the blades of the other section,and these blades serve as a hydraulic brake and materially cut down thepower and efliciency of the operating turbine. Another disadvantage isthat the glands (that is, the packings where the rotor element passesthrough the cas-' ing) in such an installation are subject to varyingrelatively high steam pressures.

An object of this invention has been to.

produce a relatively simple compact marine turbine employing in oneorganized apparatus an ahead section and an astern section soconstructed in the first place that the exhaust from one section willhave no braking eflect-on the blades of the other section, and in thesecond place, so constructed that it will have a minimum over-all lengthfor a "maximum power and efiiciency.

A; stillfurther object has been .to provide a'marine turbine havingahead and astern sections in which the controlling supply valvesarelocated within the turbine casing at a point of minimum casingdistortion and in aposition where they'occupy what heretofore might becalled waste space.

These, as well as other objects which will readily appear to thoseskilled in this particular art, I attain in thedevioe described havemade a new and useful Inof marine turbines to.

tional view of a portion of the turbine illustrated in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 isa cross-sectional view taken on line 33 of Fig. 1; Fi 4:

is a developed section of the control ing supply valves and dischargenozzles.

The turbine consists of a rotor element made up of a central section 6provided with a through disk 7 and ends8 and 9 bolted thereto at 10 and11 and which carry shaft ends 12 and 13. End member 8 is formed with athrough disk 14. The shaft ends 12 and 13 are journaled in suitablebearings 15 and 16 carried in extensions 17 and 18 of the lower part 19of the turbine casing. The turbine casing, as is now common, isedividedon a horizontal plane pass ing through. its axis into the lower part 19and a cover part 20.

A blade-carrying cylinder 21 for the ahead section formed in two partsdivided onits horizontal axis is secured to flanges 22 and 23 formed inthe turbine casing. A bladecarrying cylinder 24 for the astern sectionis secured within a flange 25 formed in the casin g That part of therotor element for the T ahead section lying inside of blade cylinder 21is preferably provided with a number of annular rows of blades 26 andthe blade cylinder 21 is provided with rows of blades 27 which alternatewith the rows 26. These blades are preferably of the reaction or Parsonstype, that is, pressure drops in the steam occur both in the stationaryblade passages and moving 'blade passages. Through-disk 7, which may betermed the running wheel for the ahead section, prefer-. ably carriestwo roWs of impulse blades 28, and the casing for a portion of itscircumference carries a row 29 of re-directing vanes, said row ofredirecting vanes being located between the two rows of impulse blades28. y I i The astern section comprises a number of rows 30 of bladescarried by blade cylinder 2.4, and the rotor of the astern sectioncarries a number of rows 31 of reaction blades which alternate withtherows 30. Disk 14, which may be termed the running wheel for theastern section, carries two rows 32 ofimpulse blades and between theseand extending around a portion of the circumference of the casing a rowof re-directing vanes 33 is located.

The turbine casing at a point between the running wheels for the aheadand the astern sections is curved outwardly to form a steam chest asshown at 34, and against the inner surface of the casing in line withthis curved portion is a nozzle block member 35. This is secured to thecasing by means of bolts 36 and 37 which pass through the casing and arethreaded into the nozzle block section. The nozzle block member 35extends entirely around the inner circumference of the easing, and likethe casing, is divided on a horizontal plane passing through itshorizontal axis. The upper half of the nozzle block member, which ismade up of two parts 38 and 39 bolted together by means of bolts 40,carries the nozzles and the regulating supply valve for the asternsection, while the lower half of the nozzle block member, which is madeup of the two parts 41 and 42 secured together by means of bolts 43,carries the nozzles and regulating supply valve for the ahead section.

The inner face 44 of the 'nozzle block member is grooved to receive thetongue 45 of a sleeve 46 which carries a series at annular projections47 which interleave with annular projections 48 formed on a sleeve 49shrunk onto the turbine rotor between the running wheels to form alabyrinth packing system.

The inner faces of the flanges 22, 23 and.

25 are of the same diameter in order that they may be convenientlybored, and these flanges are grooved to receive the flanges on the bladecylinders 21 and 24 in a tongueand-groove manner; the flanges of theblade cylinders 21 and 24, in addition to the tongue-and-grooveconnections, are securely bolted. thereto.

Member 38 of the upper half of the nozzle block member, is provided withnozzles 50 for-the. astern section and these nozzles are controlledToy-means of a valve 51 (incertain respects similar to the valvedisclosed in my apphcation Serial 19, 1912), which is adapted to be slidon the arc of a circle within the nozzle block member by means of aconnecting rod 52 of a valve motor 53, said rod extending tangentlallyof the valve and having connected thereto at 54 a toothed elementsimilar to a rack and pinion The valve is internally supported, thatis,"

supported along its inner circumference, by means of rollers 55 carriedon pins 55" and 1s externally supported long its outer surface by meansof rollers 56 carried by studs 57 extending inwardly through the siredform is used.

'sure will No. 684,738, filed March sures between chamber85 and throughneoaeis trolling nozzles 71 is similar in all respects to valve 51, itis believed that a detailed description thereof-is unnecessary.

The steam chest for the astern section, which is'supplied with steamthrough inlet port 72, is divided from the steam chest of the aheadsection'which is suppliedwith steam through inlet port 73 by means oftwo plugs 76 and 7 6 threaded into the two halves of the nozzle blockmembers. j

The blade cylinders21 and 24 are p'rovided with fianges 80 and 80 whichextend 8i to the bottom of the turbine casing and separate the exhaustport 81 of the astern stc-' tion from the exhaust port 82 of the aheadsection. These'flanges and the nozzle blocjks form partitions betweenthese two exhausts, and, if desirable, the space therebetween I may bepacked with material such as mineral wool in order to further preventheat transfer from one exhaust tothe other.

In order to relieve the turbine rotor of any unbalanced end' orlongitudinal thrust due tothe pressures in the active section (that is,dueto the pressures in the ahead section when the astern section isinactive, or those in the astern section when the ahead section isinactive), a thrust bearing 83' of any dethe operation of the aheadsection. The

stem 86 of this valve 84 is connected to a piston 87 reciprocable withina cylinder88 and 4 said cylinder at 89 is connected to the valve chamberof the astern section by means of a pipe 90, so that when the firstnozzle controlled by said valve is openedsteam pres enter the cylinderthrough pipe 90: and close the valve 84 inopposition to spring 91located'within said cylinder. The

valve at this time will have a tendency to remain closed due to thediiierence inpres theiexhaust 81. Any steam enterin the cylinder throughpipe 90 leaking past piston 87 will pass out passage 92 drilled throughvalve stem 86 and .valve 84 to chamber 85, and with the steam in saidchamber do useful work through the reaction blades of the' asternsection. .A's thereare always a number of auxiliarieson a ship which runnon-condensing, i it is desirable to utilize the exhaust there from, andfor that purpose I provide an in let 120 which leads this exhaust steamto the 130 astern exhaust 81 during 105 neonate inlet of what may betermed the low pressure section of the ahead turbine through chamber 121formed between the casing and theblade-carrying cylinder 21 by the supporting flanges for the blade-carrying section, and to the inlet of saidlow pressure desire to have it understood that the device shown is onlyillustrative and that the. in-- vention can be carried out in. otherways.

- Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In an elastic fluid turbine, a rotor, a casing, a steam chest, aportion of which is formed in said casing, a nozzle block bolted to saidcasing and completing said steam chest, and a labyrinth packing one prtion of which is carried by said nozzle bloc interleaves with a portioncarried on the rotor. i

2. In an elastic fluid turbine, a rotor, a casing therefor, a valveformed so as to slide on the arc of a circle between said casing andsaid rotor, and rollers engaging the inner peripheral face of the valvefor supporting said valve radially.

3(In an elastic fluid turbine, a rotor, a casing, a valve adapted toslide on the arc-of a circle between said rotor and casing, and rollersmounted on the casing and engaging the inner and outer peripheral facesof the valve, for supporting the valve.

4:. In a marine turbine having anahead section and an astern sectionwith a packing between said sections, a valved passage be- ,tween' thesteam space of the astern section and the astern section exhaust, andmeans for closing said passage simultaneously with the admission ofsteam through the astern section.

5. In a marine turbine, ahead and astern sections, a labyrinth packingbetween said sections, and a partition for preventing the exhaustpassages of the ahead and the astern. sections from communicating withinthe turbine casing.

' 6. In a marine. turbine, ahead andastern v sections,'a labyrinthpacking between said sections, a casing for said sections, and ditributing valves'between said casing and said labyrinth packing.

7. In a marine turbine, ahead and astern sections, a partition dividingthe exhausts or said sections, and means within said" partition forminimizing heat transfer between said exhausts. i

8. In a marine turbine, an ahead section comprising a bladeddrumsection, an imand - the inlet endot said section for pulse Wheel ofmaterially ggeater diameter than said drum section, an astern sectioncomprising a bladed drum section, an impulse wheel of materially greaterdiameter than said drum section, a labyrinth packing lecated betweensaid impulse wheels for balancing the drum section in operation, andsteam distribution devices located between said impulse wheels andbetween the turbine casing and said labyrinth packing.

9. A. marine turbine comprising animpulse wheel, a bladed drum for theahead section, an impulse wheel and a bladed drum for the asternsection, a labyrinth packing between said impulse wheels, and a thrustbearing on the turbine rotor.

10. In a marine turbine, an ahead section and an astern section, steamdistribution devices between said sections, a labyrinth packing locatedbetween the turbine rotor and said steam distribution devices, and apartition separating the exhausts from said sections. Y

11. In a turbine, a high pressure stage communicating with the turbineinlet, a low pressure stage communicating with, the turbine exhaust andwith the high ressure stage, a, valve mechanism for deliveri g fluidfrom the inlet to the turbine and means responsive to the opening andclosing of said valve for establishing and cutting ofildirectcommunication between the turbine exhaust and the high pressure stage.

12. In a turbine, a high pressure stage communicating with the turbineinlet, a

' stage of lower pressure for receiving motive fluid from the highpressure stage and commumcating with the turbine exhaust, means forcontrolling the delivery of fluid from the inlet to the high pressurestage and a pressure actuating valve responsive to the delivery ofpressure to the high pressure stage for directly connecting the highpres- 7 sure stage with the turbine exhaust.

13; In combination in a turbine, a work ing section communicating at oneend the turbine inlet and at the other end with. the turbine exhaust anda pressure actuated valve responsive to variations in pressure atdirectly conmeeting the inlet end of the section withfthe turbineexhaust.

14. In a turbine, a rotor, a stator surrounding the rotor, bladesmounted on the rotor, annular vane-carrying elements surrounding therotor and forming with said stator an auxiliary fiui'd delivery chamberwhich communicates with anauxiliary inlet port formed in the stator, andvanes mounted on said elements and cooperating with said blades.

15. In combination in a turbine, a rotatable blade-carrying element, acasing surrounding said element and provided with a main admission port,an auxiliary admission with port and an exhaust port, annularvane-carrying members axially ,alined withthe blade-carrying member andsecured to said casing by means of mounting flanges and a chambercommunicating with the auxiliary inlet port formed within the casing bysaid flanges.

16. In combinationin a turbine, an ahead section and an astern sectionlocated in the casing of the ahead section and comprising a highpressurestage, a low pressure stage communicating with an exhaust port formed inthe casing and receiving fluid from the high pressure stage, andrarelief valve between the high pressure stage and said exhaust port forplacing the high pressure stage indjrecteommunication with said portwhen the reverse turbine section is running idle.

17. In combination in a turbine, a rotor, a casing surrounding the rotorand having a port formed therein, annular vane carrying members securedto the casing, in coaxial alinement with said rotor, and spaced apart soas to form a means of communicaaoamej tionbetw een said port and theworking passage of the turbine.

18. In combination in a turbine, a rotor, blades mounted on said rotor,a casing inclosing the rotor and provided with a fluid inlet, anexhaust, and a port adapted to communicate with the Working passage ofthe turbine at a point intermediate the inlet and exhaust ends thereof,two annular vane carrying members mounted on the casing, surrounding therotor and spaced longitudinally to provide an annular passage betweenadjacent ends of the members for placing said port' in communicationwith the working passage of the turbine, and vanes mounted on saidmembers for cooperating with said blades.

In testimony whereof, Iwhave hereunto subscribed my name this 2nd day ofMay, 1913.

GEO. WESTINGHOUSE. Witnesses: I

C. W. MOGHEE, ADA Rois/rm.

